DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2022-20-1-25-41
Abstract
Problem Statement (Relevance). The paper presents main results of studies carried out to reduce the impact on the environment in the area of influence of the tailings dam by developing technologies and technical facilities for the storage of mining wastes and processing of ore raw materials in the form of solidifying masses. The purpose of the study. Is to analyze and evaluate technologies and technical facilities for storing ore dressing wastes near surface tailings dam with an added hardener. This will ensure ecological safety of environment and hydrogeological environment from pollution by heavy metals and protect the population living in the area affected by the surface tailings dam. Methods Applied: Analysis of studies in the field of waste storage of a hydrometallurgical plant, environmental and hydrogeological monitoring, pilot industrial and laboratory experimental studies, mathematical and physical modeling, as well as a theoretical analysis and generalization of research results using standard and new methods. Novelty. The paper proposes a new sequence of filling the cell with sludge not over its entire area, but with inclined layers in the direction from one side of the cell to the other one; excess water flows down the inclined layers of the mixture to the drain hole and the drain (drainage) of water from the cell through the drain holes is provided without the use of special stationary or floating water intake mechanisms. The paper describes a new technology and technical facilities for storing ore dressing wastes and a basin design for a newly constructed tailings dam. Results. It is shown that when the entire existing area of the tailings dam is filled with bounded tails to a height of ~ 10 m, the duration of storage will be over 50 years. It is recommended to build a water-permeable chemically active barrier overlapping the weathering products of crystalline rocks of the Precambrian, in whose zone there is a significant part of the flow of groundwater. Practical Relevance. The existing monitoring of hydrogeological environment makes it possible to control the influence of surface tailings dams on water environment of the region. This will ensure ecological safety of environment and hydrogeological environment from pollution by heavy metals and protect the population living in the area affected by the surface tailings dam during the hydro-industrial beneficiation of ores mined at the deposits of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other developed mining countries of the world.
Keywords
processing tailings, beneficiation, mining technology, tailings dam, solidification, ecology, hydrogeology, safety, efficiency.
Acknowledgement. Specialists Koshik Yu.I., Maslyakov G.A., Tarkhin Yu.N., Khudoshina N.A., Davydov S.V., Ermolin G.A., Lozinskaya A.A. and others took part and assisted in organizing the creation, improvement and implementation of scientific development.
For citation
Lyashenko V.I., Vorobiev A.E., Khomenko O.E., Dudar T.V. Development of Technologies and Technical Facilities to Reduce the Environmental Impact in the Area of Influence of the Tailings Dam. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2022, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 25–41. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2022-20-1-25-41
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