Abstract
Problem Statement (Relevance): This article describes the methods and results of securing open-pit walls aimed at protecting the hazardous areas of haulage benches from sudden collapses and landslides. The methods highlighted allow for a number of factors, such as the rock mass structure; current earth movements; secondary stress-strain state creation patterns. Methods Applied: Advanced geophysical methods were applied for the comprehensive instrumentation-based analysis of the rock mass structure; satellite geodesy was applied for the definition of both tectonic and man-affected stress-strain states of a rock mass while taking into account the creeping and short-term cyclical movements in the large and small bases. The geophysical methods were applied to check the open-pit field for tectonic faults while identifying the most hazardous areas adjacent to the areas where the pit walls cross the major tectonic faults found. After that the locations of the major faults were verified and the medium size faults were located and documented. As a result, a fault map was generated for the near-wall rock mass. Direct methods of geodesy were used to register the changes in the initial stress-strain state of the rock mass with the definition of the space components of two current earth movements – the creeping movement and the short-term cyclical movement. The stress-strain state of the rock mass was analysed through solving an inverse geomechanical problem based on the measured rock mass deformations. Findings: The comprehensive approach described in the article, which includes the analysis and synthesis of the deposit tectonics data and the experimental and theoretical studies of the rock mass stress-strain state based on satellite geodesy and the geophysical analysis of the structure, helped accomplish the task of identi-fying hazardous areas in terms of haulage bench stability.
Keywords
Protection of haulage benches, wall stability, landslides, stress-strain state, rock mass structure, analysis, instrumentation control
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