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Medyanik N.L., Tussupbayev N.Ku., Varlamova I.A., Girevaya Kh.Ya., Kalugina N.L. Removing of heavy metals from solutions by the ion flotation method

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of the latest scientific research in the field of heavy metals removal from solutions by the ion flotation method.
The objective of the research conducted is to analyse the current development trends of the theory and practice of ion flotation as the basis for clean insdustrial water treatment technologies. The main development trends of the ion flotation method applied to industrial solutions have been determined. These trends are the following: selection of conditions increasing the efficiency of the process up to the maximum possible metal removal; minimum consumption of reagents with the possibility to regenerate them and to obtain the maximum purified water; evaluation of properties of collectors, the "metal-reagent" complex structures, and complexing mechanisms; synthesis and modeling of efficient collectors, especially with advanced quantum-chemical methods. At present, calculations of the molecular electric moments, polarizabilities, charge-transfer degree, absolute hardness, Parr-Pearson chemical potential, complexing energy, and a number of intramolecular hydrogen bondings have a widespread application in the quantum chemistry of flotation reagents. The reason is that these characteristics determine the possibility to use reagents in flotation processes on the basis of the most energetically favourable and conformationally stable removable structures. Theoretical bases have been developed for modeling the spatial structure of both small and large molecules and building dependences of their activity on the spatial structure. The experimental data and the results of quantum chemical calculations have been correlated. The results of a flotation test have proved the attraction of flotation reagents selected on the basis of quantum chemical calculations. Active studies in accordance with the trends mentioned above have introduced sustainable industrial water treatment technologies based on ion flotation.

Keywords

Heavy metals, technological waters, ion flotation, collecting reagents, quantum-chemical methods.

 

Medyanik Nadezhda Leonidovna – D.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Head of the Department of Chemistry, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia. Phone: +7 (3519) 29-85-22. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Tussupbayev Nesipbay Kuandykovich – D.Sc. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Flotation Reagents and Enrichment of the ‘Center of Earth Sciences, Metallurgy and Enrichment’ Joint Stock Company, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Varlamova Irina Aleksandrovna – Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia.  
Girevaya Khanifa Yanshaevna – Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia.
Kalugina Natalia Leonidovna – Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia.
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