DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2025-23-4-119-128
Abstract
Problem Statement (Relevance). Highly dispersed micro- and nanocellulose is a modern eco-friendly material with a number of valuable properties that determine high interest for various fields of industrial production. Among them we can distinguish polymer composites, water purification systems, tissue engineering, and others. It should be noted that the main problem of its large-scale implementation is the high cost due to the complexity of modern manufacturing methods. Objectives. The research is aimed at developing of an effective method for obtaining highly dispersed cellulose, available for implementation in modern laboratory and industrial conditions, by improving approaches to chemical processing of cellulose-containing raw materials. Methods applied. The authors used the methods of dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS), IR-Fourier spectroscopy, and other general laboratory research methods. Originality. The originality of the presented approach is due to the possibility of homogenization of cellulose in the form of a dissolved substance, leading to the partial elimination of kinetic difficulties caused by the heterophase nature of the hydrolysis reaction under the conditions of processing solid raw materials, due to the reaction at the interface of the phases of the liquid – liquid system. Result. An effective method for obtaining highly dispersed micro- and nanocellulose by dissolving and precipitating it from a copper-ammonia solution in an acidic environment has been developed. As a result of the conducted research, a mechanism of ongoing interactions based on partial hydrolysis and sulfonation of the precipitated product in thin films is proposed. The reference functionality of the method of direct precipitation from gradual acidification has been established, verified by intensive sulfonation of cellulose with sulfuric acid with a reduced content of its α-crystalline modification. It was revealed that the hydrosol of highly dispersed cellulose is characterized by a high coefficient of destruction of 2.97 with a degree of polymerization of 481.2±13.7, while the particle size ranges from 70 to 800 nm with an average numerical diameter of 156 nm. It is noted that it is possible to isolate the smallest size fraction with an average diameter of 105 nm under the conditions of using the low-speed centrifugation method. Practical Relevance. It is expressed in the implementation of a new approach to the production of highly dispersed cellulose, which contributes to the formation of additional ideas about the mechanism for optimizing the conditions of use and processing of raw materials for the introduction of the presented product into large-scale industrial production.
Keywords
cellulose, highly dispersed cellulose, copper-ammonia solution, precipitation, degree of polymerization
For citation
Lukuttsova N.P., Karpikov E.G., Romanov N.K. Obtaining Highly Dispersed Micro- and Nanocellulose from Copper-Ammonia Solution by Precipitation. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2025, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 119-128. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2025-23-4-119-128
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