DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-4-23-29
Abstract
Relevance. According to the state report of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, the Russian Federation currently generates more than 7.5 billion tons of industrial waste, and over the past 20 years these values have increased 4 times. Technogenic objects formed as a result of open-pit mining and decommissioned for various reasons usually lead to a number of environmental and social problems. Objectives. It is required to reveal the principle and methodological approaches of environmentally balanced design for the development of solid mineral deposits. The results. The essence of environmentally balanced design consists of the integrated development of georesources, in which some technogenic objects can be used for the liquidation, placement, creation or reclamation of other technogenic objects while improving the environmental situation and restoring the environment and landscapes. The principle of environmentally balanced design of the solid minerals deposits development consists in the formation at each stage of the functioning of the mining engineering system of a balance between environmental-compensating solutions and the inevitable negative effects arising at all stages and in all technological processes of mining and related industries. The basis of environmentally balanced design is formed by natural engineering capabilities, preventive and compensatory measures (effects), environmental and technological monitoring. The successful experience of implementing the principle of environmentally balanced design based on the project for the liquidation of the Korkinsky open-pit coal mine using stowage material prepared on the basis of refinement tailings from the Tominsky Mining and Processing Plant is considered. The stowage material is a product obtained by thickening the tailings of a processing plant, and is manufactured according to technological regulations approved in the established order, in compliance with established sanitary norms and rules. Recommendations. To implement such projects, it is necessary to involve research and design and survey work with the involvement of leading scientific and design institutes in the field of mining, geomechanics, hydrogeology and ecology.
Keywords
ecology, environmental balance, design, georesources, complex development
For citation
Gonchar N.V., Guman O.M., Pikalov V.A., Tereshina M.A. Implementation of the Principle of Environmentally Balanced Design in the Complex Development of Georesources (Based on the Example of the Development Projects of the Tominsky Mining and Processing Plant and Liquidation of the Korkinsky Open-Pit Mine). Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2024, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 23-29. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-4-23-29
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