DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-4-15-22
Abstract
Relevance and purpose of the study. Due to the gradual depletion of the mineral resource base of placer gold, subsoil users are forced to develop complex-structured deposits with increasingly low metal content and an increasing proportion of fine gold in the sands of productive reservoir. The preservation and even increase in certain regions of the amount of gold mined from placers is achieved primarily due to the accelerated increase in the volume of processed mineral mass using powerful equipment, while sand enrichment technologies are still focused on gold recovered by gravity with a particle size of more than 0,5mm, which leads to large metal losses. Multi-stage enrichment technologies can significantly reduce gold losses, but the expansion of their use is hampered by relatively low productivity and high enrichment costs. Objective. The research is aimed at increasing metal recovery during open-pit mining of complex-structured placer deposits through the use of improved technology for the development of complex-structured placers with selective mining and processing of sand. Results. The article proposes to carry out advanced, deep-selective mining of inclusions of rich sands of the productive reservoir using a modernized wheel tractor-scraper with their transportation to multi-stage enrichment using various units, including equipment for centrifugal enrichment and jigging machines, which ensures high recovery of gold of different sizes, including fine ones. A modernized wheel tractor-scraper, equipped with combined working equipment, loosens a layer of rich sands, and then, after turning, loads the loosened mineral mass into the dipper using, at the final stage, an active damper, which pushes the sands collected in the form of a soil prism into the dipper, which provides the necessary selective mining quality and high dipper filling. High-performance mining and ordinary sand washing are carried out by bulldozers and hydraulic elevator sluice equipment. Conclusions. The use of the proposed technology will significantly reduce technological losses and increase the extraction of metal from sands of complex structured placers.
Keywords
productive reservoir, rich sands, gold recovered by gravity, fine gold, wheel tractor-scraper, combined work equipment, multi-stage enrichment, metal recovery
For citation
Cheban A.Yu. Improved Technology for Development of Complex-Structural Placers with Separate Excavation and Processing of Sands. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2024, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 15-22. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-4-15-22
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