DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-2-58-70
Abstract
The use of synthetic polymer flocculants is one of the promising areas for intensifying separation processes for fine suspensions, including in the water-slurry systems of coal processing plants. The objective of the research is to analyze theory and practice and identify promising areas for improving technologies for separating suspensions of coal enrichment products using flocculants. The article describes the current state of the theory of interaction between flocculants and mineral particles, and the properties of flocculation structures. The authors describe technological aspects of using flocculants in processes of separating suspensions of fine coal enrichment products, such as flocculation conditioning; thickening; dehydration on vacuum filters and belt filter presses; centrifugation. The article contains values of flocculant flow rates, technological indicators for thickening of flotation waste and slurry. It has been noted that the processes of dehydration by filtration under vacuum are characterized by using individual flocculants with a flow rate of up to 100 g/t and a decrease in the volume resistivity of the sediment by 1.5-3 times, for dehydration on belt filter presses – combinations of anionic and cationic flocculants with a total flow rate of up to 1000 g/t, which is attributed to the need to obtain the sediment with a maximum static shear stress of at least 90 Pa and a volume resistivity of about 3·1010-2·1011 m-2. It has been shown that promising areas for improving technologies for thickening and dehydration of coal enrichment products using flocculants are optimization of flocculant flow rates and modes of their mixing with suspensions; development of methods and means for controlling the residual content of flocculants in clarified water; a fractional supply of flocculants; pretreatment of suspensions with coagulants containing polyvalent cations.
Keywords
flocculation, flocculants, coagulants, separation of suspensions, coal flotation concentrate, coal flotation waste, thickening, dehydration, filtration
For citation
Lavrinenko A.A., Golberg G.Yu. Current State and Areas of Improving Separation Processes for Suspensions of Coal Enrichment Products Using Flocculants. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universi-teta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2024, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 58-70. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-2-58-70
1. Khazaie A., Samali B., Mazarji M., Minkina T., Su-shkova S., Mandzhieva S., Osborne D., Soldatov A.A. A review on coagulation/flocculation in dewatering of coal slurry. Water. 2022;14(6):918.
2. Ulrich E.V., Barkova A.S. Use of flocculants for wastewater treatment. Ecosystem Transformation. 2023;6(1):1-20.
3. Overview of the polyacrylamide (PAA) market in Russia. 3rd Edition. Moscow: Infomine, 2023, 101 p. (In Russ.)
4. Hyrycz M., Ochowiak M., Krupińska A., Włodarczak S., Matuszak M. A review of flocculants as an efficient method for increasing the efficiency of municipal sludge dewatering: Mechanisms, performances, influencing factors and perspectives. Science of the Total Environment. 2022;820:153328.
5. Golberg G.Yu. Razvitie teorii obrazovaniya i razrusheniya flokulyatsionnykh struktur v protsessakh razdeleniya suspenzii tonkodispersnykh produktov obogashcheniya uglei: avtoref. dis. … dokt. tekhn. nauk [Development of the theory of the flocculation structure formation and destruction in the processes of separating suspensions of fine coal beneficiation products. Extended abstract of the doctoral thesis]. Moscow, 2019. 48 p.
6. Biggs S., Habgood M., Jameson G.J., Yao-de Yan. The fractal analysis of aggregates formed via a bridg-ing flocculation mechanism. Proceedings of the 26th Australian Chemical Engineering Conference (Chemeca 98), Port Douglas, Australia, 1998.
7. Fellows C.M., Doherty W.O.S. Insights into bridging flocculation. Macromol. Symp. 2006;231:1-10.
8. Glover S.M., Yan Y.D., Jameson G.J., Biggs S. Pol-ymer molecular weight and mixing effects on floc compressibility and filterability. The 6th World Con-gress of Chemical Engineering. Melbourne, 2001.
9. Gungoren C., Unver I.K., Ozdemir O. Investigation of flocculation properties and floc structure of coal pro-cessing plant tailings in the presence of monovalent and divalent ions. Physicochemical Problems of Min-eral Processing. 2020;56(5):747-758.
10. Jarvis P., Jefferson B., Gregory J., Parsons S.A. A review of floc strength and breakage. Water Research. 2005;39(14):3121-3137.
11. Lavrinenko A.A., Golberg G.Yu. Flow regime of mineral suspensions with preserved structure of flocs. Journal of Mining Science. 2019;55(3):437-443.
12. Liang Wen, Duoxi Yao. The effect of flocculants and water content on the separation of water from dredged sediment. Water. 2023;15(13):2462.
13. Ksenofontov B.S., Sazonov D.V. Improving an ex-press control method for water-output properties of wastewater sludges. Santekhnika [Sanitary Engineer-ing]. 2014;(2):44-46. (In Russ.)
14. Yijiang Li, Yuting Chen, Wencheng Xia, Guangyuan Xie. Filtration of kaolinite and coal mixture suspen-sion: Settling behavior and filter cake structure analy-sis. Powder Technology. 2021;381:122-128.
15. Linev B.I., Golberg G.Yu., Panfilov P.F. Efficiency of mixing suspensions with flocculants in static mixers. Gornyi informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten [Mining Informational and Analytical Bulletin]. Moscow: Moscow State Mining University, 2005, 429/12-05, 14 p. (In Russ.)
16. Vremennye normy tekhnologicheskogo proektirovaniya obogatitelnykh fabrik VNTP 3-92 [Temporary regulations on production engineering of beneficiation plants VNTP 3-92]. Moscow: Ministry of Fuel and Power Engineering of the Russian Federation, 1993, 52 p. (In Russ.)
17. Sokolova A.A. Optimization of the operation of the thickening sections of coal processing factories. Mate-rialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii «Sovremennye problemy kompleksnoy i glubokoy pererabotki prirodnogo i netraditsionnogo mineralnogo syrya» (Plaksinskie chteniya-2023) [Proceedings of the International Conference on Modern Problems of Integrated and Deep Processing of Natural and Non-Traditional Mineral Raw Materials (Plaksin Readings-2023)], Moscow, 02-05 October 2023. Moscow: National University of Science and Technology Moscow Institute of Steels and Alloys, 2023, pp. 347-349. (In Russ.)
18. Woodruff D., MacNamara L. Treatment of coal tail-ing. The coal handbook: towards cleaner coal supply chains (Second edition). Edited by Dave Osborne. Cambridge, US – Kidlington, UK: Woodhead Pub-lishing Series in Energy, 2023, vol. 1, pp. 529-560.
19. Normy tekhnologicheskogo proektirovaniya flo-tatsionnykh fabrik dlya rud tsvetnykh metallov VNTP 21-86 [Regulations on production engineering of flo-tation plants for non-ferrous metal ores VNTP 21-86]. Moscow: Ministry of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy of the USSR, 1986. (In Russ.)
20. Antipenko L.A. Tekhnologicheskie reglamenty obo-gatitelnykh fabrik Kuznetskogo basseina [Technological regulations on beneficiation plants of the Kuznetsk Basin]. Prokopevsk: Prokopevsk Polygraphic Production Association, 2007, 463 p. (In Russ.)
21. Lobanov F.I., Kanev N.I, Golberg G.Yu., Panfilov P.F. Enhancement of the efficiency of flotation tailings dewatering on the belt presses using new combi-nations of flocculants and coagulants. Proceedings of the 15th International Coal Preparation Congress and Exhibition. Beijing: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2006, vol. 2, pp. 537-544.
22. Azopkov S.V. Kompleksnye titanosoderzhashchie koagulyanty: sintez i primenenie: avtoref. dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Integrated titanium-containing co-agulants: synthesis and application. Extended abstract of the Ph.D. thesis]. Moscow, 2023. 18 p.
23. Read A.D. Selective flocculation separations involv-ing hematite. Institution of Mining and Metallurgy. Transactions. Section C. 1971;80:24-31.
24. Rubinshtein Yu.B., Yarovaya O.V., Golberg G.Yu., Novak V.I. Providing a rationale for using poly-acrylamide flocculants for selective separation of coal sludge. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Gorny zhurnal [News of Higher Educational Institu-tions. Mining Journal]. 2011;(2):97-102. (In Russ.)
25. Novak V.I. Obosnovanie i razrabotka ratsionalnoy tekhnologii flokulyatsionnogo razdeleniya tonkodis-persnykh ugolnykh shlamov: avtoref. dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk [Providing a rational and development of rational technology for the flocculation separation of fine coal sludge. Extended abstract of the Ph.D. the-sis]. Moscow, 2012. 22 p.
26. Tao D., Groppo J.G., Parekh B.K. Enhanced ultrafine coal dewatering using flocculation filtration processes. Minerals Engineering. 2000;13(2):163-171.
27. Yuping Fan, Xianshu Dong, Hui Li. Dewatering effect of fine coal slurry and filter cake structure based on particle characteristics. Vacuum. 2015;114:50-57.
28. Drum vacuum filters. Available at: https://intech-gmbh.ru/en/drum_filters-2/ (Accessed on February 14, 2024).
29. Na Zhang, Xumeng Chen, Yongjun Peng. Effects of froth properties on dewatering of flotation products – A critical review. Minerals Engineering. 2020;155: 106477. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106477
30. Rezaei A., Abdollahi H., Gharabaghi M., Moham-madzadeh A.A. Effects of flocculant, surfactant, co-agulant, and filter aid on efficiency of filtration pro-cessing of copper concentrate: Mechanism and opti-mization. Journal of Mining and Environment. 2020;11(1):119-141.
31. Zimbovsky I.G., Pogosyan E.S. Effect of surfactants on residual moisture of filtration products. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii «Sovremennye prob-lemy kompleksnoy i glubokoy pererabotki prirodnogo i netraditsionnogo mineralnogo syrya» (Plaksinskie chteniya-2023) [Proceedings of the International Conference on Modern Problems of Integrated and Deep Processing of Natural and Non-Traditional Mineral Raw Materials (Plaksin Readings-2023)], Moscow, 02-05 October 2023. Moscow: National University of Science and Technology Moscow Institute of Steels and Alloys, 2023, pp. 353-354 (In Russ.)
32. Mathewson D., Eschebach D. Belt press filter hand-book. Brisbane, Australia: Australian Coal Industry’s Research Program (ACARP), 2022.
33. Calculation of sludge dewatering capacity of belt filter press. Available at: http://www.zmmachinery.com/ news_show.asp?id=12 (Accessed on February 14, 2024).
34. Fester V., Werner R. Optimization of polymer dosing for improved belt press performance in wastewater treatment plants. Advances in Slurry Technology. Ed. by Trevor Jones. London: Intech Open, 2023. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108978
35. Zasyadko A.V., Panfilov F.A., Golberg G.Yu. Expe-rience in the operation of belt filter presses used for dewatering concentrates and industrial products of flotation of coking coals at the Neryungrinskaya Coal Preparation Plant. Koks i khimiya [Coke and Chemis-try]. 2000;(9):9-11. (In Russ.)
36. Meiring S. Thickeners versus centrifuges – a coal tailings technical comparison. Paste 2015: Proceed-ings of the 18th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Perth: Australian Centre for Ge-omechanics, 2015, pp. 55-65.
37. Nguyen C.V., Nguyen A.V., Doi A., Dinh E., Nguyen T.V., Ejtemaei M., Osborne D. Advanced solid-liquid separation for dewatering fine coal tailings by com-bining chemical reagents and solid bowl centrifuga-tion. Separation and Purification Technology. 2021;259(15):118-172.
38. Lavrinenko A.A., Kunilova I.V., Golberg G.Yu., Rez-chikova P.S., Komarova S.G. Providing a rationale for the method of measuring the concentration of flocculants in process water of beneficiation plants. Problemy osvoeniya nedr v XXI veke glazami mo-lodykh: Materialy 15-i Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy shkoly molodykh uchenykh i spetsialistov [Problems of mineral resources exploitation in the 21th century through the eyes of young people: Proceedings of the 15th International School of Young Scientists and Specialists]. Moscow: Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, the Russian Acad-emy of Sciences, 2021, pp. 252-255. (In Russ.)
39. Vorobiev P.D., Krutko N.P., Cherednichenko D.V., Vorobieva E.V., Bucha S.V., Lipai Yu.V. Adsorption and flocculation properties of modified polyacryla-mide in water dispersions of kaolin. Izvestiya Natsionalnoy akademii nauk Belarusi. Seriya khimicheskih nauk [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series]. 2022;58(3):273-279. (In Russ.)
40. Lavrinenko A.A., Golberg G.Yu. Thickening and dewatering of coal flotation tailings. Vestnik Magni-togorskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo uni-versiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magni-togorsk State Technical University]. 2023;21(3):27-41. (In Russ.)