DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-2-14-21
Abstract
Relevance. Due to an increase in the consumption of metals and a decrease in the content of useful components in ores, the volume of rock mass extracted from the depths increases rapidly. Overburden and mineralized host rocks of no industrial importance are stored in dumps, whose area continuously increases. It should be noted that when developing deposits of non-ferrous and noble metals, a significant amount of useful components ends up in dumps together with mineralized host rocks and is irretrievably lost. Research shows that in some cases the fine fraction of mineralized host rocks is enriched with a commercial component and has a metal content sufficient for profitable pro-cessing by heap leaching together with low-grade ores. Known technologies for bulldozer dumps do not provide for separating the standard fine fraction. Objective. The study aims at providing a rationale for the resource-saving tech-nology for dump formation, ensuring an increased extraction of commercial components, when developing deposits of non-ferrous and noble metals, as well as reducing the industry-related load on the environment by separating fine frac-tions with the standard content of the commercial component from the mineralized host rocks delivered to the dump, using a modernized spreader. Results. The article proposes the technology for dump formation, which consists in the cyclic transfer of rock mass from a dump truck downhill using the load-carrying body of the modernized spreader and screening a conditioned fine fraction into a storage unit, delivering the resulting fine fraction from the storage facility into a container with a pneumatic transportation system for processing, as well as periodic movement of the spreader and simultaneous leveling of the ridge of the previously dumped layer of rock mass with bulldozer equipment. Conclu-sions. The separation of fine fractions with an enriched commercial component directly during the loading and unload-ing process can significantly reduce dust in dumps, minimize hypergene changes in the standard fine fraction and obtain an additional source of raw materials of the preserved natural quality.
Keywords
dump, heavy-duty dump trucks, mineralized host rocks, grate bars, screen, fine fraction, commercial component, heap leaching
For citation
Cheban A.Yu. Resource-Saving Technology for Dump Formation Using a Modernized Spreader. Vestnik Magnito-gorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2024, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 14-21. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2024-22-2-14-21
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