DOI: 10.18503/1995-2732-2026-24-3-136-142
Abstract
The paper considers an approach to establishing requirements for the accuracy of measuring instruments with due regard to production process capability indices. The existing regulatory approach (GOST 8.051-81), which specifies the permissible measurement error δmeas depending on the tolerance field IT, does not take into account the actual stability of the technological process characterized by the process capability index Cp. This results in inconsistency with the requirements of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) guidelines and national standards, which require the suitability of measurement processes to be assessed using the %GRR indicator, which depends on the ratio between measurement error and process variability. A statistical modeling method has been applied based on the analysis and formalization of the relationships between actual (σtech) and observed (σО) variability, the process capability index Cp, permissible measurement error δmeas, tolerance field IT, and the %GRR indicator. The study has established quantitative relationships showing how the measurement process acceptability criteria (%GRR ≤ 10%, ≤ 30%) correspond to the probabilities of Type I (m – false rejection) and Type II (n - failure to detect a nonconforming item) errors for processes with different levels of stability (Cp = 0.8-1.5). Critical values of the δизм/IT ratio have been identified at which the observed Cp index ceases to provide an objective assessment of the actual process capability. Nomograms and algorithms have been developed that make it possible to determine the required accuracy of measuring instruments based on specified process parameters (Cp, IT) and acceptable risks. The proposed approaches and algorithms provide process engineers and metrologists with a tool for the economically justified selection of measuring equipment in terms of accuracy, assessment of inspection risks, and planning of measures to improve technological processes and metrological assurance systems. The results can be used to update regulatory documentation and implement statistical quality control methods.
Keywords
measuring instrument selection, permissible measurement error, GRR, process reproducibility, statistical modeling, optimization of metrological assurance, inspection risks
For citation
Soyko A.I., Savelyeva D.A., Denisova Ya.V. Establishing Requirements for the Accuracy of Measuring Instruments Based on Statistical Modeling of Process Reproducibility Indices. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tekhnicheskogo Universiteta im. G.I. Nosova [Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University]. 2026, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 136-142. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2026-24-3-136-142
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